The region is characterized by rugged mountains, tropical rainforests, and fertile river valleys. The Mekong River, one of the longest rivers in Southeast Asia, flows through much of the region, including Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos.

Despite shared historical influences (such as Buddhism), each country has unique cultures. Vietnam has a mix of Confucian, Buddhist, and indigenous traditions. 

Cambodia’s culture is defined by the Khmer Empire’s legacy and the influence of Theravada Buddhism.

Laos has a more isolated culture but shares similar Buddhist practices and traditions with its neighbours.

Myanmar was once home to several powerful kingdoms, such as the Pagan Empire (11th to 13th centuries). It is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in Southeast Asia, with more than 130 distinct ethnic groups.